EMDR
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a therapeutic technique that was developed by psychologist Francine Shapiro in the late 1980s. She discovered that when she made eye movements while thinking about a traumatic memory, the intensity of the memory decreased. She then developed EMDR into a comprehensive treatment approach for individuals who have experienced traumatic events.
EMDR therapy is based on the idea that traumatic memories are stored in the brain in an unprocessed form. These memories can lead to distressing symptoms such as flashbacks, nightmares, and anxiety. EMDR therapy aims to help individuals process these traumatic memories in a way that allows them to integrate the memories into their overall life experience, rather than being overwhelmed by them.
The EMDR therapy process includes 8 phases: assessment, preparation, desensitization, installation, body scan, closure, re-evaluation, and integration. The assessment phase is used to determine the nature and severity of the traumatic event, and to identify any related negative cognitions and emotions. The preparation phase involves the establishment of a therapeutic relationship and the development of coping strategies for use between sessions.
The desensitization phase is the core of the EMDR therapy process. During this phase, the client is asked to focus on the traumatic memory while following a set of bilateral stimulation, such as eye movements, sounds, or taps. The bilateral stimulation is thought to help the brain process the traumatic memory in a way that allows it to be integrated into the individual's overall life experience. The installation phase is used to reinforce positive cognitions and emotions related to the traumatic event. The body scan phase is used to identify and address any physical sensations related to the traumatic event.
The closure phase is used to ensure that the client has a sense of safety and control before ending the session. The reevaluation phase is used to assess the client's progress and to determine if any additional sessions are needed. The integration phase is used to help the client integrate the changes made in therapy into their daily life.
While the bilateral stimulation is an important part of the EMDR therapy process, it is important to note that detailed case preparation is also crucial for the therapy to be effective. This includes making sure that the client has the necessary coping strategies in place and establishing a strong therapeutic relationship. Without proper case preparation, the client may not be able to handle the intense emotions that can arise during the desensitization phase.
EMDR therapy has been found to be effective in treating a wide range of traumatic events, including combat-related trauma, sexual and physical abuse, and natural disasters. It has also been found to be effective in treating symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
To find out more you can consult these resources:
